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{"id":8324,"date":"2022-04-13T09:33:47","date_gmt":"2022-04-13T12:33:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/agribrasilis.com\/?p=8324"},"modified":"2022-04-13T09:39:10","modified_gmt":"2022-04-13T12:39:10","slug":"1podridao-abacaxi-pode-diminuir-produtividade-de-canaviais-em-ate-40","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/agribrasilis.com\/2022\/04\/13\/1podridao-abacaxi-pode-diminuir-produtividade-de-canaviais-em-ate-40\/","title":{"rendered":"Podrid\u00e3o abacaxi pode diminuir produtividade de canaviais em at\u00e9 40%"},"content":{"rendered":"
\u201cCom o aumento do plantio mecanizado, expans\u00e3o das \u00e1rea de plantio, e uso de mudas de m\u00e1 qualidade, a podrid\u00e3o abacaxi tem se tornado mais presente nos canaviais.\u201d<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Juliana Velasco de Castro Oliveira <\/strong>\u00e9 pesquisadora no Laborat\u00f3rio Nacional de Biorrenov\u00e1veis, graduada em ci\u00eancias biol\u00f3gicas e doutora em biotecnologia pela Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo. Velasco<\/strong> coordena estudo que descobriu bact\u00e9rias do g\u00eanero Pseudomonas<\/em> capazes de inibir o crescimento e causar a morte do fungo respons\u00e1vel pela podrid\u00e3o abacaxi, doen\u00e7a que ataca canaviais.<\/p>\n
Juliana Velasco<\/strong>, pesquisadora no Laborat\u00f3rio Nacional de Biorrenov\u00e1veis<\/p><\/div>\n\n
AgriBrasilis – Quais as principais doen\u00e7as causadas por fungos que afetam a cana-de-a\u00e7\u00facar?<\/strong><\/p>\n
Juliana Velasco –<\/strong> A incid\u00eancia das doen\u00e7as depende muito da regi\u00e3o, \u00e9poca de plantio, variedades de cana-de-a\u00e7\u00facar utilizadas, manejo do solo, entre outros, mas, de forma geral, podemos dizer que as principais doen\u00e7as s\u00e3o: podrid\u00e3o abacaxi, carv\u00e3o, ferrugem e podrid\u00e3o vermelha.<\/p>\n
AgriBrasilis – O que \u00e9 a podrid\u00e3o abacaxi e quais suas causas? Qual \u00e9 a rela\u00e7\u00e3o com a produtividade da cana<\/strong>?<\/p>\n
Juliana Velasco \u2013<\/strong> A doen\u00e7a \u00e9 causada pelo fungo Thielaviopsis ethacetica<\/em> e at\u00e9 pouco tempo atr\u00e1s n\u00e3o era considerada importante. Com o aumento do plantio mecanizado, expans\u00e3o das \u00e1rea de plantio, e uso de mudas de m\u00e1 qualidade, a podrid\u00e3o abacaxi tem se tornado mais presente nos canaviais.<\/p>\n
O fungo penetra por aberturas naturais ou ferimentos que podem ser causados pelo processo de mecaniza\u00e7\u00e3o no tolete, por exemplo. Pode-se observar um encharcamento do tolete e uma diminui\u00e7\u00e3o de at\u00e9 50% da germina\u00e7\u00e3o, bem como a morte de mudas novas. Quando a cana consegue se desenvolver, pode haver o comprometimento de seu conte\u00fado, que adquire colora\u00e7\u00e3o avermelhada at\u00e9 tons mais escuros dado a prolifera\u00e7\u00e3o do fungo e produ\u00e7\u00e3o de esporos nos feixes vasculares.<\/p>\n
\u00c9 muito comum que canas infectadas exalem um odor semelhante \u00e0 ess\u00eancia de abacaxi, o que deu o nome da doen\u00e7a. De forma geral, a doen\u00e7a pode diminuir a produtividade entre 30 e 40%.<\/p>\n
AgriBrasilis – Como \u00e9 o mecanismo de a\u00e7\u00e3o das bact\u00e9rias inibidoras de crescimento do fungo da podrid\u00e3o abacaxi?<\/strong><\/p>\n
Juliana Velasco –<\/strong> Por se tratar de uma \u00e1rea nova de estudo, ainda h\u00e1 muito a ser desvendado. Entretanto, descobrimos que ap\u00f3s o tratamento com as bact\u00e9rias, o fungo deixa de expressar genes essenciais para seu crescimento, como aqueles para metabolismo de carbono. Em adi\u00e7\u00e3o, verificamos que os compostos, direta ou indiretamente, ocasionam dano ao DNA do microrganismo, bem como sua morte. Para esses achados, utilizamos t\u00e9cnicas de biologia molecular, microscopia e espectroscopia.<\/p>\n
AgriBrasilis – Em que est\u00e1gio se encontra a pesquisa e quais impactos se espera desse trabalho?<\/strong><\/p>\n
Juliana Velasco –<\/strong> Importante ressaltar que esse \u00e9 o primeiro trabalho com esse tipo de mol\u00e9culas inibindo esse fitopat\u00f3geno de cana-de-a\u00e7\u00facar, fruto do trabalho da aluna de Doutorado Carla Freitas, que dedicou mais de 4 anos para esta pesquisa.<\/p>\n
Olhando para como estas mol\u00e9culas atuam, a gama de possibilidades que podemos explorar \u00e9 enorme. Embora resultados interessantes tenham sido observados em laborat\u00f3rio, para isso se tornar uma realidade, muitos outros estudos s\u00e3o necess\u00e1rios para comprovar a efic\u00e1cia da bact\u00e9ria no campo e sua seguran\u00e7a para a sa\u00fade humana, animal e ao meio ambiente.<\/p>\n
Embora as bact\u00e9rias tenham sido isoladas do solo de canaviais, estes estudos s\u00e3o essenciais. Outra alternativa seria a aplica\u00e7\u00e3o das biomol\u00e9culas mais promissoras e, novamente, novas pesquisas seriam necess\u00e1rias para desenvolver um microrganismo que as produza em grandes quantidades. De forma geral, \u00e9 esperado que o uso do microrganismo e\/ou das mol\u00e9culas seja menos agressivo que os qu\u00edmicos hoje existentes, e, por ser de origem biol\u00f3gica, pode apresentar melhor biodegradabilidade. Por fim, poderia representar uma alternativa biol\u00f3gica desenvolvida no pa\u00eds, capaz de diminuir nossa depend\u00eancia da importa\u00e7\u00e3o de agroqu\u00edmicos, o que onera o setor e representa uma fragilidade em nosso agroneg\u00f3cio.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u201cCom o aumento do plantio mecanizado, expans\u00e3o das \u00e1rea de plantio, e uso de mudas de m\u00e1 qualidade, a podrid\u00e3o abacaxi tem se tornado mais…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":8330,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[58],"tags":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n
Podrid\u00e3o abacaxi pode diminuir produtividade de canaviais em at\u00e9 40% - Agribrasilis - Inside Agribusiness<\/title>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\n\n\n\t\n\t\n\t\n