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{"id":20305,"date":"2023-10-20T17:55:23","date_gmt":"2023-10-20T20:55:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/agribrasilis.com\/?p=20305"},"modified":"2023-10-23T11:21:19","modified_gmt":"2023-10-23T14:21:19","slug":"gestao-de-riscos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/agribrasilis.com\/2023\/10\/20\/gestao-de-riscos\/","title":{"rendered":"Gest\u00e3o de riscos no Agroneg\u00f3cio brasileiro"},"content":{"rendered":"\u201cO agricultor produz com excel\u00eancia, mas peca na gest\u00e3o\u201d<\/p>\n
Jos\u00e9 Lu\u00eds Bassani<\/strong> \u00e9 coordenador de projetos educacionais e de sucesso do aluno na Agrinvest Commodities<\/strong> e consultor executivo da Finfarms.<\/p>\nBassani <\/strong>\u00e9 formado em economia pela Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paran\u00e1, com MBA pela Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz” \u2013 USP.<\/p>\nJos\u00e9 Lu\u00eds Bassani<\/strong>, coordenador na Agrinvest Commodities<\/p><\/div>\n
\nAgriBrasilis – O que o senhor quis dizer com “se\u00a0<\/strong>n\u00e3o tem seguro da produ\u00e7\u00e3o, \u00e9 perda de capital na certa”?<\/strong><\/p>\nJos\u00e9 Bassani –<\/strong> Quando ocorre algum evento clim\u00e1tico extremo, por consequ\u00eancia haver\u00e1 perdas na produ\u00e7\u00e3o agr\u00edcola. Se o agricultor n\u00e3o tiver seguro para indenizar ao menos o custo de produ\u00e7\u00e3o, o capital investido na lavoura ir\u00e1 se perder.<\/p>\nAgriBrasilis – O que envolve a gest\u00e3o de riscos no agroneg\u00f3cio?<\/strong><\/p>\nJos\u00e9 Bassani –<\/strong> A gest\u00e3o de riscos envolve uma s\u00e9rie de provid\u00eancias que precisam ser adotadas para mitigar perdas financeiras.<\/p>\nAl\u00e9m dos seguros rurais, que podem proteger o patrim\u00f4nio, a renda e rentabilidade do produtor, \u00e9 preciso: ter aten\u00e7\u00e3o com a gest\u00e3o do fluxo de caixa; adotar estrat\u00e9gias de prote\u00e7\u00e3o contra riscos da oscila\u00e7\u00e3o dos pre\u00e7os das commodities, como mercado futuro, a termo e op\u00e7\u00f5es; mapear os riscos ambientais, trabalhistas, operacionais, legais e outros que podem provocar paralisa\u00e7\u00e3o das atividades, gerando perda de renda.<\/p>\n
AgriBrasilis – Quais s\u00e3o os desafios relativos \u00e0 an\u00e1lise de risco de cr\u00e9dito no agro? O que os agricultores precisam saber?<\/strong><\/p>\nJos\u00e9 Bassani \u2013<\/strong> O agricultor precisa ter consci\u00eancia do n\u00edvel do seu endividamento. Um bom \u00edndice de monitoramento \u00e9 avaliar o quanto ele est\u00e1 alavancado com rela\u00e7\u00e3o ao resultado operacional, e o \u00edndice aceit\u00e1vel apresenta um valor abaixo de 3,5.<\/p>\nQuando os agricultores v\u00e3o buscar cr\u00e9dito, eles t\u00eam o que chamamos na economia comportamental de vi\u00e9s do otimismo excessivo. Isso significa que as proje\u00e7\u00f5es de renda ser\u00e3o sempre positivas e crescentes, por exemplo. Isso n\u00e3o condiz com a realidade: vivemos de ciclos econ\u00f4micos de altas e baixas. \u00c9 dif\u00edcil prever isso, mas \u00e9 preciso considerar.<\/p>\n
A assimetria de informa\u00e7\u00e3o do agro, necess\u00e1ria para que seja feita uma an\u00e1lise de cr\u00e9dito segura por parte dos financiadores, diminuiu, mas ainda \u00e9 grande.<\/p>\n
AgriBrasilis – Quais os principais erros de gest\u00e3o financeira cometidos pelos agricultores?<\/strong><\/p>\nJos\u00e9 Bassani \u2013<\/strong> Os principais erros s\u00e3o a omiss\u00e3o na gest\u00e3o do fluxo de caixa e a dificuldade de separar as finan\u00e7as pessoais com as do neg\u00f3cio. O produtor tem que ser protagonista na sua gest\u00e3o e tomada de decis\u00e3o, e n\u00e3o terceirizar, deixar que outros decidam por ele.<\/p>\nO agricultor produz com excel\u00eancia, mas peca na gest\u00e3o, principalmente quando vai vender a produ\u00e7\u00e3o. Por isso, buscar conhecimentos sobre o gerenciamento de riscos \u00e9 importante para a continuidade dos neg\u00f3cios.<\/p>\n
AgriBrasilis – De que formas o cr\u00e9dito pode ser utilizado como ferramenta para crescimento e prote\u00e7\u00e3o do patrim\u00f4nio no agro?<\/strong><\/p>\nJos\u00e9 Bassani –<\/strong> Quando vai proporcionar aumento de renda na atividade. Por exemplo: para iniciar uma nova atividade agropecu\u00e1ria, para a aquisi\u00e7\u00e3o de um equipamento que vai gerar maior efici\u00eancia e renda, etc. Esses s\u00e3o fatores que contribuem para um maior faturamento, e se o faturamento \u00e9 bem gerenciado, haver\u00e1 crescimento do patrim\u00f4nio.<\/p>\nSobre a prote\u00e7\u00e3o do patrim\u00f4nio atrav\u00e9s do cr\u00e9dito, se a terra \u00e9 hipotecada, o agricultor deve contratar um seguro que protege todas as instala\u00e7\u00f5es vinculadas naquela garantia.<\/p>\n
AgriBrasilis – Os agricultores enfrentam restri\u00e7\u00f5es de cr\u00e9dito?\u00a0<\/strong>Por que 27,4% dos agricultores est\u00e3o devendo?<\/strong><\/p>\nJos\u00e9 Bassani –<\/strong> Existe excesso de otimismo quando se contrata cr\u00e9dito, muitas vezes baseando-se na intui\u00e7\u00e3o, nas emo\u00e7\u00f5es, sem avaliar a real situa\u00e7\u00e3o. Por exemplo, o agricultor, ao achar que os pre\u00e7os das commodities continuariam a subir, pode ter tomado decis\u00f5es precipitadas. Um exemplo claro \u00e9 a decis\u00e3o de trocar de m\u00e1quina quando n\u00e3o precisava.<\/p>\nA falta de gest\u00e3o do fluxo de caixa tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 um motivador desse percentual. O descasamento entre entradas e sa\u00eddas em meio a um vencimento acarreta atrasos, e por consequ\u00eancia inadimpl\u00eancia.<\/p>\n
AgriBrasilis – <\/strong>Como o produtor rural deve gerenciar o fluxo de caixa de sua fazenda, visando um neg\u00f3cio mais eficiente e sustent\u00e1vel?<\/strong><\/p>\nJos\u00e9 Bassani \u2013<\/strong> \u00c9 preciso ter consist\u00eancia e analisar o fluxo com frequ\u00eancia, conhecer todas as despesas poss\u00edveis que envolvem o neg\u00f3cio, estabelecer regras e or\u00e7amentos, definir quanto vai retirar de pro labore<\/em> para manuten\u00e7\u00e3o familiar, e mensurar o resultado final, se deu lucro ou preju\u00edzo. Quando der lucro, \u00e9 necess\u00e1rio estabelecer quanto se destinar\u00e1 para reinvestir no neg\u00f3cio. O agricultor precisa ter uma vis\u00e3o empreendedora sempre.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n
LEIA MAIS:<\/p>\n