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{"id":19627,"date":"2023-08-17T13:44:47","date_gmt":"2023-08-17T16:44:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/agribrasilis.com\/?p=19627"},"modified":"2023-08-21T14:44:36","modified_gmt":"2023-08-21T17:44:36","slug":"desmatamento-mata-atlantica","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/agribrasilis.com\/2023\/08\/17\/desmatamento-mata-atlantica\/","title":{"rendered":"A agropecu\u00e1ria pressiona o desmatamento na Mata Atl\u00e2ntica?"},"content":{"rendered":"
“No caso da Mata Atl\u00e2ntica, qualquer \u00e1rea que a gente perde possui um valor muito grande…\u201d<\/p>\n
Lu\u00eds Fernando Guedes Pinto<\/strong> \u00e9 diretor executivo da Funda\u00e7\u00e3o SOS Mata Atl\u00e2ntica<\/strong>, engenheiro agr\u00f4nomo, mestre em engenharia ambiental e doutor em fitotecnia pela Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo.<\/p>\n
Pinto <\/strong>\u00e9 professor da Escola Superior de Sustentabilidade e Conserva\u00e7\u00e3o e membro da Rede Folha de Empreendedores Sociais.<\/p>\n
Lu\u00eds Guedes Pinto<\/strong>, diretor executivo da Funda\u00e7\u00e3o SOS Mata Atl\u00e2ntica<\/p><\/div>\n\n
AgriBrasilis – Por que preservar a Mata Atl\u00e2ntica?<\/strong><\/p>\n
Lu\u00eds Guedes –<\/strong> A Mata Atl\u00e2ntica cont\u00e9m a \u00e1rvore que deu nome ao nosso pa\u00eds, o Pau-Brasil. Mesmo assim, ela tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 o bioma que foi mais devastado ao longo da nossa hist\u00f3ria: somente 24% da cobertura florestal original ainda persiste.<\/p>\n
A Mata Atl\u00e2ntica \u00e9 uma das regi\u00f5es com maior biodiversidade no mundo e respons\u00e1vel por mais da metade da produ\u00e7\u00e3o de alimentos do Brasil. Quase 70% da popula\u00e7\u00e3o brasileira vive nesse bioma, o que representa 80% do PIB nacional. Essa popula\u00e7\u00e3o depende dos servi\u00e7os ecossist\u00eamicos da Mata Atl\u00e2ntica, como o fornecimento de \u00e1gua, elemento esse que gera energia el\u00e9trica, garante a produ\u00e7\u00e3o de alimentos, etc.<\/p>\n
A restaura\u00e7\u00e3o da Mata Atl\u00e2ntica \u00e9 muito importante para sequestrar os gases de efeito estufa da atmosfera. Al\u00e9m disso, proteger e restaurar a floresta evita trag\u00e9dias, como enchentes e deslizamentos de terra. Essas trag\u00e9dias que t\u00eam acontecido recentemente no Brasil, por exemplo, aconteceram em grande parte em \u00e1reas da Mata Atl\u00e2ntica.<\/p>\n
As florestas da Mata Atl\u00e2ntica d\u00e3o identidade para nosso pa\u00eds. \u00c9 fundamental a gente manter e preservar essa regi\u00e3o para garantir nosso futuro.<\/p>\n
AgriBrasilis – Por que o desmatamento continua na regi\u00e3o?<\/strong><\/p>\n
Lu\u00eds Guedes –<\/strong> Ele continua principalmente por conta da expans\u00e3o da agropecu\u00e1ria, que \u00e9 o principal vetor de press\u00e3o sobre o desmatamento, principalmente nos estados de MG, BA, PR, SC, MS e PI, onde existem grandes \u00e1reas sendo desmatadas ainda, apesar desse ser um bioma protegido pela Lei n\u00ba 11.428\/2006, conhecida como Lei da Mata Atl\u00e2ntica.<\/p>\n
O segundo vetor de press\u00e3o de desmatamento \u00e9 a expans\u00e3o das cidades, das grandes metr\u00f3poles, al\u00e9m da expans\u00e3o do turismo.<\/p>\n
AgriBrasilis – Esse \u00e9 o bioma mais habitado do pa\u00eds. Existe solu\u00e7\u00e3o para o problema do desmatamento?<\/strong><\/p>\n
Lu\u00eds Guedes \u2013<\/strong> Sim, quase 70% da popula\u00e7\u00e3o vive nessa regi\u00e3o, onde est\u00e3o as principais grandes cidades e metr\u00f3poles. Do norte ao sul do pa\u00eds, a Mata Atl\u00e2ntica est\u00e1 em 17 estados brasileiros.<\/p>\n
Sou otimista e considero que existe, sim, solu\u00e7\u00e3o para o desmatamento. Esse \u00e9 um problema que a gente consegue resolver e a Mata Atl\u00e2ntica \u00e9 o bioma onde temos mais condi\u00e7\u00f5es de alcan\u00e7ar o desmatamento zero. N\u00f3s temos a Lei da Mata Atl\u00e2ntica e o C\u00f3digo Florestal, por exemplo, ent\u00e3o j\u00e1 foram criadas as principais pol\u00edticas p\u00fablicas. N\u00e3o \u00e9 necess\u00e1rio desmatar a Mata Atl\u00e2ntica para o Brasil poder crescer, se desenvolver, produzir alimentos, ter boas cidades, etc.<\/p>\n
N\u00f3s temos muito a ganhar com a prote\u00e7\u00e3o e a restaura\u00e7\u00e3o da Mata Atl\u00e2ntica, visando combater as mudan\u00e7as clim\u00e1ticas e garantir melhor qualidade de vida nas cidades, podendo at\u00e9 manter e aumentar a produ\u00e7\u00e3o agropecu\u00e1ria dessa forma.<\/p>\n
AgriBrasilis – Qual \u00e9 a \u00e1rea desmatada anualmente? <\/strong><\/p>\n
Lu\u00eds Guedes \u2013<\/strong> N\u00f3s temos uma iniciativa consolidada de monitoramento do desmatamento da Mata Atl\u00e2ntica, liderada h\u00e1 algumas d\u00e9cadas pela funda\u00e7\u00e3o SOS Mata Atl\u00e2ntica e pelo INPE.<\/p>\n
Anualmente, n\u00f3s elaboramos um relat\u00f3rio com os dados do desmatamento no bioma. Por exemplo, no in\u00edcio dos anos 2000, a taxa de desmatamento era de 100 mil hectares por ano, ou seja, era muito alta. Isso diminuiu muito at\u00e9 o menor valor observado da s\u00e9rie hist\u00f3rica, que ocorreu entre 2017-2018, alcan\u00e7ando 11,39 mil hectares, muito menos que nos per\u00edodos anteriores.<\/p>\n
Infelizmente, ocorreu uma retomada do crescimento do desmatamento nos \u00faltimos quatro anos, ultrapassando os 23 mil hectares em 2021-2022, com uma m\u00e9dia de aproximadamente 20 mil hectares por ano no per\u00edodo.<\/p>\n