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{"id":11607,"date":"2022-11-01T09:51:06","date_gmt":"2022-11-01T12:51:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/agribrasilis.com\/?p=11607"},"modified":"2022-11-23T08:55:00","modified_gmt":"2022-11-23T11:55:00","slug":"controle-biologico-conservativo-na-cafeicultura","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/agribrasilis.com\/2022\/11\/01\/controle-biologico-conservativo-na-cafeicultura\/","title":{"rendered":"Controle biol\u00f3gico conservativo na cafeicultura"},"content":{"rendered":"
\u201cConsiste na manipula\u00e7\u00e3o da paisagem agr\u00edcola, via diversifica\u00e7\u00e3o estrat\u00e9gica da vegeta\u00e7\u00e3o, para aumentar as popula\u00e7\u00f5es dos inimigos naturais das pragas…\u201d<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Madelaine Venzon<\/strong>, pesquisadora da Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecu\u00e1ria de Minas Gerais – Epamig<\/p><\/div>\n
Madelaine Venzon<\/strong> \u00e9 agr\u00f4noma pela Universidade Federal de Pelotas, mestre em fitossanidade pela Universidade Federal de Lavras, Ph.D. em biologia populacional pela University of Amsterdam <\/em>e p\u00f3s-doutora pela University of California<\/em>.<\/p>\n
Venzon<\/strong> \u00e9 pesquisadora da Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecu\u00e1ria de Minas Gerais – Epamig<\/strong> e docente da p\u00f3s-gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em entomologia, mestrado profissionalizante em defesa sanit\u00e1ria vegetal e no curso de prote\u00e7\u00e3o de plantas da Universidade Federal de Vi\u00e7osa.<\/p>\n
A Epamig <\/strong>estuda estrat\u00e9gias diversificadas de manejo para o controle de pragas em diferentes culturas, dentre elas o caf\u00e9. Uma das estrat\u00e9gias \u00e9 o controle biol\u00f3gico conservativo, que\u00a0utiliza plantas espont\u00e2neas na atra\u00e7\u00e3o de inimigos naturais.<\/p>\n\n
AgriBrasilis – No que consiste a t\u00e9cnica de controle biol\u00f3gico conservativo? Como deve ser aplicada em grandes culturas, como a do caf\u00e9?\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n
Madelaine Venzon –<\/strong> Consiste na manipula\u00e7\u00e3o da paisagem agr\u00edcola, via diversifica\u00e7\u00e3o estrat\u00e9gica da vegeta\u00e7\u00e3o, para aumentar as popula\u00e7\u00f5es dos inimigos naturais das pragas (predadores, parasitoides e entomopat\u00f3genos) que j\u00e1 existem na natureza, mas em n\u00famero baixo nas monoculturas.<\/p>\n
Na cultura do caf\u00e9, podem ser aplicadas diversas estrat\u00e9gias de controle biol\u00f3gico conservativo*, como as descritas abaixo, desenvolvidas pela Epamig e seus parceiros.<\/p>\n
\n
Uso de coberturas verdes nas entrelinhas do caf\u00e9, contendo trigo mourisco (Fagopyrum esculentum<\/em>), crotal\u00e1ria (Crotalaria juncea<\/em>), crambe e nabo forrageiro (Raphanus sativus L.<\/em>);<\/li>\n
Arboriza\u00e7\u00e3o dos plantios com arbustos de erva-baleeira (Cordia verbenacea<\/em>);<\/li>\n
Arboriza\u00e7\u00e3o dos plantios com \u00e1rvores de ing\u00e1 (Inga<\/em> spp.);<\/li>\n
Arboriza\u00e7\u00e3o dos plantios com \u00e1rvores de fedegoso (Senna occidentalis<\/em>).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
AgriBrasilis – Qual a import\u00e2ncia de pesquisas na \u00e1rea de agroecologia e quais avan\u00e7os para a produ\u00e7\u00e3o agr\u00edcola?<\/strong><\/p>\n
Madelaine Venzon – <\/strong>A import\u00e2ncia se d\u00e1 pelo fato de se aliar a produ\u00e7\u00e3o com a manuten\u00e7\u00e3o da biodiversidade, sempre respeitando o meio ambiente.<\/p>\n
Dentre os benef\u00edcios para a produ\u00e7\u00e3o, est\u00e3o o aumento de polinizadores, do controle biol\u00f3gico, a diminui\u00e7\u00e3o da degrada\u00e7\u00e3o dos solos, o aumento da fertilidade dos solos, diminui\u00e7\u00e3o de plantas invasoras, e menor depend\u00eancia de insumos externos, o que gera mais lucro para o produtor.<\/p>\n
O resultado final \u00e9 um ambiente saud\u00e1vel para os trabalhadores, para os consumidores, atrav\u00e9s de produtos sem res\u00edduos, e para o meio ambiente.<\/p>\n
AgriBrasilis – O que s\u00e3o estrat\u00e9gias de agricultura climaticamente inteligente?\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n
Madelaine Venzon –<\/strong> S\u00e3o estrat\u00e9gias que podem ser utilizadas pelo produtor para amenizar os impactos negativos das mudan\u00e7as clim\u00e1ticas e tamb\u00e9m resultar em ganhos, como aumento dos servi\u00e7os ecossist\u00eamicos, como a poliniza\u00e7\u00e3o, a ciclagem de nutrientes e o controle biol\u00f3gico de pragas.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
AgriBrasilis – Como se d\u00e1 a aplica\u00e7\u00e3o de t\u00e9cnicas e pesquisas desenvolvidas na Epamig?<\/strong><\/p>\n
Madelaine Venzon \u2013<\/strong> As parcerias podem ser desenvolvidas com universidades, empresas e diretamente com os produtores. As pesquisas seguem diversas etapas, iniciando em laborat\u00f3rios, casas-de-vegeta\u00e7\u00e3o, seguindo para os campos experimentais da Epamig, e, por \u00faltimo, unidades demonstrativas em fazendas dos produtores. Durante essas etapas os resultados v\u00e3o sendo divulgados via eventos e publica\u00e7\u00f5es t\u00e9cnicas da Epamig.<\/p>\n
AgriBrasilis – Quais os principais estudos na \u00e1rea de agroecologia e o que \u00e9 esperado?<\/strong><\/p>\n
Madelaine Venzon –<\/strong> Nossos estudos se concentram em controle biol\u00f3gico conservativo e estamos sempre pesquisando novos arranjos de plantas multifuncionais que diminuam o impacto das pragas no caf\u00e9. Tamb\u00e9m trabalhamos com extratos de planta para uso como medida curativa, caso haja necessidade.<\/p>\n
Esperamos que com o passar do tempo mais produtores estejam utilizando essas estrat\u00e9gias e fiquem cada vez menos dependentes de insumos externo para o manejo de pragas, e livres de agrot\u00f3xicos.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
*O controle biol\u00f3gico conservativo, diferente do controle biol\u00f3gico aumentativo, n\u00e3o libera inimigos naturais das pragas diretamente nas planta\u00e7\u00f5es de caf\u00e9, privilegiando pr\u00e1ticas que modifiquem a paisagem agr\u00edcola no m\u00e9dio-longo prazo. Isso faz com que os inimigos naturais das pragas que j\u00e1 existam no local aumentem suas popula\u00e7\u00f5es e promove aumento ben\u00e9fico da biodiversidade de insetos no ambiente.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u201cConsiste na manipula\u00e7\u00e3o da paisagem agr\u00edcola, via diversifica\u00e7\u00e3o estrat\u00e9gica da vegeta\u00e7\u00e3o, para aumentar as popula\u00e7\u00f5es dos inimigos naturais das pragas…\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":11576,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[52,24],"tags":[33],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n
Controle biol\u00f3gico conservativo na cafeicultura - Agribrasilis - Inside Agribusiness<\/title>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\n\n\n\t\n\t\n\t\n